What is linalool? The calming terpene found in cannabis

While much of the conversation often focuses on cannabinoids such as CBD and THC, another group of compounds plays an equally important role in shaping the character of cannabis strains—terpenes. These aromatic molecules contribute significantly to the fragrance profiles that distinguish one variety from another.

Having spent over a decade in the cannabis industry, with a particular emphasis on CBD and hemp production, I’ve observed the growing attention these compounds receive for the unique qualities they bring to the plant. One terpene that frequently stands out in my work is linalool.

Recognised for its distinct floral aroma, often compared to lavender, linalool adds to the intricate scent composition of cannabis. It works alongside cannabinoids to influence the overall profile of different strains.

In this article, I share my observations on linalool, informed by both research and practical experience in the industry, to discuss its role in cannabis and its broader applications.

Prefer watching over reading? This video covers the key points from the article:

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Key takeaways

• Linalool gives certain cannabis strains a floral, lavender-like aroma.
• It is found in over 200 plant species, including lavender and rosewood.
• Linalool shapes the scent and flavour profiles of cannabis strains.
• It is widely used in perfumes, soaps, and other products.
• Terpene content, including linalool, is measured through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

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Brief overview of terpenes in cannabis

Before diving into linalool specifically, let's first understand terpenes and their role in cannabis. Terpenes are aromatic molecules found in many plants, including cannabis.

Terpenes play a significant role in the plant’s survival by attracting pollinators and repelling predators. In cannabis, specifically, terpenes interact with other compounds found in the plant, like cannabinoids (THC and CBD), to create a synergistic effect known as the entourage effect.

The entourage effect suggests that using whole-plant formulations rather than isolating individual components results in different outcomes. There are over 200 different terpenes found within various strains of cannabis, each with its own unique flavour profile and characteristics.

What are terpenes?

What is linalool?

Linalool is a terpene, a class of organic compounds that are commonly found in plants, including cannabis. It is responsible for the distinct aroma and flavour profile of certain strains of cannabis.

Linalool has a chemical structure that is composed of two six-carbon rings known as benzene rings connected by an oxygen atom. This gives it a characteristic floral scent that is often described as lavender-like.

In addition to its use in plants, linalool has various applications in industries like cosmetics and perfumes. It can also be synthesised artificially for use in products like soaps and detergents.

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The importance of linalool

Linalool is one such terpene present within many strains of cannabis; it’s known for its floral scent reminiscent of lavender flowers. The compound can be found not only within certain strains but also commonly used throughout various products like cosmetics or essential oils due to its scent profile. While recognised for its aroma, linalool has also attracted attention for its various properties.

Academic interest in linalool like the research published in the Journal of Surgical Research has grown in recent years, with studies exploring its interaction with various plant compounds and how it contributes to the aroma profiles of botanicals. Additionally, linalool’s distinctive floral aroma contributes to the sensory appeal of products such as candles, soaps, and diffusers, which are often selected for their pleasant and relaxing scents.

Given its prevalence in both cannabis strains and other products, understanding the uses of linalool remains a subject of interest. In the following sections, we will examine what makes this terpene unique and why it has become so widely used in recent years.

Chemical structure and properties of linalool

Linalool belongs to the family of monoterpenes, which are composed of two isoprene units (C10H16). The chemical formula for linalool is C10H18O.

Linalool has a chemical structure consisting of two benzene rings connected by a central oxygen atom, classifying it as an alcohol. This structure contributes to its usefulness in different applications.

Linalool’s boiling point is 198°C. Depending on its form—either dextrorotatory or levorotatory—it can appear as a liquid or solid at room temperature. Its refractive index, which measures how light passes through it, ranges from 1.460 to 1.505, depending on its level of purity.

Common sources of linalool outside of cannabis

Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene found in various plant species, with some sources containing higher concentrations than others outside of cannabis. Its floral scent makes it valuable across multiple industries. Key sources of linalool include:

• Flowers
  • Lavender and rosewood are well-known for their fragrance profiles, to which linalool contributes significantly.
• Citrus fruits
  • Lemon and orange peels contain high levels of limonene, a compound that can be enzymatically converted into linalool.
  • Limonene is also present in cannabis and can undergo similar conversions to boost linalool production in some strains.
• Tree essential oils
  • Ho wood and coriander essential oils hold significant amounts of linalool.
  • Eucalyptus is another source of terpenes, including linalool.

This distribution across various plants highlights linalool’s versatility and the wide range of sources from which it can be obtained.

Scientific Research on Linalool

Linalool has attracted growing scientific interest due to its diverse properties and its role in shaping the aromatic and chemical profile of plants, including cannabis. Research highlights not only its contribution to fragrance but also its potential biological activities.

A review in Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018) discussed the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and calming activities associated with linalool across various plant species. Although much research focuses on isolated compounds or non-cannabis plants, it reinforces linalool’s role in plant defence mechanisms and ecological interactions.

In cannabis, a 2020 systematic review in Molecules recognised linalool, alongside other terpenes, as key to shaping the sensory and experiential profiles of strains. Terpenes like linalool may interact synergistically with cannabinoids in what is often referred to as the "entourage effect."

Further findings in the Journal of Cannabis Research (2021) suggest that strains rich in linalool may exhibit calming and soothing aromatic profiles.

While more research is needed, current evidence points to linalool’s essential role in defining the unique aromatic and experiential qualities of different cannabis varieties.

What is entourage effect?

The role of linalool in cannabis

Linalool is one of the most common terpenes found in cannabis, recognised for its floral, lavender-like aroma with subtle spicy undertones. This compound plays a significant role in shaping the aromatic profiles that distinguish various cannabis strains.

In addition to its scent, linalool interacts with the endocannabinoid system, a complex network within the body involved in regulating various physiological processes. While research continues to explore the broader role of terpenes like linalool, their contribution to the overall cannabis experience remains an area of interest.

Effects on aroma and flavour profiles

Linalool is responsible for producing many of the characteristic floral scents that we associate with certain strains of cannabis. These aromas can vary widely from strain to strain, but some common examples include lavender, rose, and citrus. In addition to its contribution to these complex scent profiles, linalool also has an impact on the overall flavour profile of a particular strain.

When combined with another product, linalool can add subtle nuances to the flavour profile that help enhance the overall experience. Some users may describe these flavours as "sweet" or "herbal", while others may simply appreciate the added complexity that linalool brings to their favourite strains.

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How to identify linalool in cannabis strains

Terpenes such as linalool contribute significantly to the distinct aroma and scent profiles of various cannabis strains. Identifying the presence of linalool in a particular strain can offer insights into its aromatic characteristics, helping to distinguish one variety from another.

Methods for testing terpene content provide valuable information about the composition of each strain, and certain varieties are known to contain higher levels of linalool, contributing to their recognisable fragrance profiles.

Methods for testing terpene content

The most common method for testing terpene content is through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This technique separates and analyses individual chemical compounds within a sample, including terpenes such as linalool. However, GC-MS requires specialised equipment and is typically only available through licensed laboratories.

An alternative method is sensory analysis, which involves evaluating the aroma and flavour profile of a strain using trained testers. While this method may not provide precise measurements of terpene content, it can still be useful for identifying strains with distinct profiles.

Examples of strains high in linalool

Linalool is typically found in higher concentrations in Indica-dominant strains and hybrid strains that contain Indica genetics. Some examples of cannabis strains high in linalool include:

• Lavender: This strain gets its name from its distinct floral aroma, which comes from its high levels of linalool.
• LA Confidential: Another Indica-dominant strain with high levels of linalool, LA Confidential has earthy notes with hints of pine and citrus.
• G13: A well-known hybrid strain, G13 is rumoured to have originated from a government research facility. It has a musky aroma with notes of fruit and spice, and high levels of linalool.
• Amnesia Haze: This Sativa-dominant strain has a sweet, earthy aroma with high levels of linalool. It's known for its energetic and uplifting effects.

Keep in mind that terpene content can vary depending on various factors such as growing conditions and harvesting methods. Therefore, it's important to consult lab test results or consult with knowledgeable budtenders to ensure you're purchasing strains with the desired terpene profiles.

Other uses for linalool

Linalool, though commonly associated with cannabis, is widely used beyond the plant itself. Its distinctive floral scent makes it a popular ingredient in a variety of household and personal care products, including perfumes, soaps, and cleaning agents, where it contributes to fragrance profiles.

Perfumes, soaps, and cleaning agents

Linalool is frequently used in soaps, perfumes and personal care items due to its pleasant scent and compatibility with a range of cosmetic formulations. Additionally, linalool can be found in many household cleaning agents because of its ability to help dissolve dirt and grime.

In addition to these more traditional uses, linalool has shown potential for use in pest control. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), linalool can act as an insecticide against certain pests such as mosquitoes.

Potential future applications

Researchers are actively studying the potential therapeutic benefits of linalool beyond its current uses. Linalool may also have applications outside of healthcare. Some researchers are exploring the possibility of using it as a fuel additive due to its high energy content and ability to burn cleanly.

Overall, linalool's versatility makes it an important component in numerous industries. Its versatility and widespread presence in nature make linalool a topic of ongoing research, particularly in areas related to botanical applications and sustainability.

Personal perspective

Terpenes are an intricate part of the cannabis plant’s composition, and linalool stands out for its distinctive floral and slightly spicy aroma. This terpene contributes significantly to the scent and aromatic profiles that help distinguish various cannabis strains.

Linalool is also found in many other plants, such as lavender and basil, and is widely used in products like perfumes, soaps, and scented items due to its appealing fragrance.

Research continues to explore the characteristics of linalool across different applications, including industrial and aromatic uses. Understanding terpenes like linalool offers valuable insight into the composition of cannabis strains, complementing the roles of cannabinoids such as THC and CBD.

These elements together shape the overall aromatic and sensory profile of each strain, providing a fuller picture beyond cannabinoid content alone. As scientific studies further investigate the roles of terpenes, linalool remains a subject of interest due to its unique contributions to plant chemistry and aroma.

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