What is CBD (Cannabidiol)?

CBD (cannabidiol) has become one of the most widely studied cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant. Recognised for its distinct characteristics compared to THC, CBD does not produce psychoactive effects and continues to attract significant scientific interest.

Its non-intoxicating profile has contributed to its growing presence in research discussions and product development across various sectors.

Based on my observations following cannabinoid research at Formula Swiss, I have seen increasing attention given to CBD's interactions within the body's natural regulatory systems. Research efforts are helping to clarify how CBD differs from other cannabinoids and what makes it a prominent area of study within the broader cannabis plant profile.

Understanding the unique properties of CBD remains important for those seeking accurate and reliable information. As interest in cannabinoids continues to expand, maintaining a clear and well-researched perspective on compounds such as CBD is essential for supporting informed discussions and responsible developments in the field.

Key takeaways

• CBD is non-psychoactive and does not produce intoxicating effects
• It interacts with the body’s natural regulatory systems
• Available in various formats such as extracts, vapourised liquids, capsules, and topicals
• Scientific studies continue to investigate its characteristics and applications
• Product transparency and third-party testing help support quality and trust
• CBD may cause mild side effects and could interact with certain substances

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What is CBD oil?

The origins and discovery of CBD

CBD (cannabidiol) was first identified in 1940 by American chemist Roger Adams, who successfully isolated the compound from the cannabis plant. Although Adams was able to extract CBD, the full structure and characteristics of the cannabinoid were not fully understood until several years later, when further research clarified its non-psychoactive nature compared to THC.

Since its discovery, CBD has become a key focus in scientific studies exploring the complexity of the cannabis plant. Notably, a 2011 review published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology outlined CBD’s diverse pharmacological profile, highlighting its growing importance in cannabinoid research.

Research efforts continue to deepen understanding of CBD's interactions with the body's natural systems and its distinct role among cannabis-derived compounds.

CBD has gained increasing recognition as a non-psychoactive compound derived from the cannabis plant. Unlike THC, CBD does not produce intoxicating effects, and its distinct characteristics have made it a subject of growing interest within scientific research.

Extracted primarily from cannabis sativa, CBD is now incorporated into a variety of products across different sectors. As research continues to expand, interest in understanding CBD’s role among the many compounds found in the cannabis plant remains strong.

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What is the difference between CBD and THC?

Different forms of CBD products

CBD is incorporated into a variety of product types, including oils, extracts, vaporised liquids, capsules, and topicals. These different forms offer options for individuals who wish to choose a format that aligns with their preferences and routines.

From my experience following cannabinoid research at Formula Swiss, I have observed the increasing diversification of CBD product formats over recent years. CBD oils remain among the most widely recognised forms, while extracts offer a more concentrated format for various applications.

Vaporised liquids provide an alternative option, capsules offer a familiar structure for measuring quantities, and topicals are intended for external application to the skin.

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CBD in food and drinks

CBD (cannabidiol) is increasingly incorporated into a range of food and drink products, reflecting broader interest in cannabinoids beyond THC. Extracted from the cannabis plant, CBD is recognised for its non-psychoactive properties and continues to be a subject of scientific study.

CBD-infused food and beverages are now available in a variety of formats, including confectionery, teas, coffees, and non-alcoholic cocktails. These products offer a way for individuals to explore cannabinoids in different settings. While interest in CBD-infused consumables is growing, it remains important to rely on reputable sources and verified product information.

CBD in beauty and skincare

CBD (cannabidiol) has gained increasing attention within the beauty and skincare sector for its inclusion in a wide range of topical formulations. CBD is now featured in products intended for external use across cosmetics, skincare, and personal care ranges.

CBD-based formulations include facial serums, creams, cleansers, toners, body lotions, and oils. These products are designed to align with broader skincare routines and are applied topically. CBD is also featured in bath products, hair care, and massage oils, reflecting its growing role in the beauty industry.

While CBD offers potential health benefits, it is essential to be aware of the potential side effects and interactions it may have with other medications. By approaching CBD use with caution and seeking medical advice, you can make informed choices about incorporating CBD into your wellness routine.

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The endocannabinoid system (ECS)

CBD interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex cell-signalling network involved in regulating many physiological processes such as mood, pain sensation, appetite, and immune response.

How CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system

To understand how CBD works, it helps to look more closely at the endocannabinoid system:

• CB1 receptors are primarily found in the brain and central nervous system and are associated with regulating mood, memory, and the perception of pain.
• CB2 receptors are mainly found in the immune system and are involved in regulating inflammation and immune responses.

Unlike THC, which binds directly to CB1 receptors, CBD interacts indirectly with both CB1 and CB2 receptors. It is thought to enhance the body's own production of endocannabinoids, supporting balance (homeostasis) without causing intoxication.

What is endocannabinoid system?

Purity and content accuracy in CBD products

Ensuring product purity and content accuracy remains important for maintaining quality and safety standards. Reviewing transparency measures and third-party testing is essential when considering different cannabinoid-based products.

Detailed information about our laboratory testing procedures and product certifications is available in our quality report.

Reputable manufacturers typically provide independent laboratory testing to verify the CBD content and screen for potential contaminants. Such transparency helps to confirm that product labelling accurately reflects the content, supporting informed decision-making.

The amount of CBD present in products can vary, and individual responses to cannabinoids differ. By prioritising the purity and content accuracy of CBD products, individuals can make more informed decisions and select products that align with their preferences. 

Does CBD have an intoxicating effect?

CBD and FDA approval

CBD has received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in specific cases of epilepsy, representing an important development in the study of cannabinoids.

This decision applies to a particular prescription formulation and reflects the ongoing scientific exploration of CBD's potential applications within targeted areas of healthcare. From my observations following cannabinoid research, the FDA’s decision reflects a cautious but meaningful recognition of CBD’s potential under strict conditions. 

It also emphasises the need for continued research to better understand how cannabinoids interact with the body's systems and to explore their suitability in clinical settings. It remains important for individuals to approach CBD products thoughtfully. 

Advances in the scientific study of CBD

Scientific research into CBD continues to expand, examining its potential interactions with various biological systems. Areas of study include neurological functions, mood regulation, inflammation, and related complex processes. Investigations are being conducted globally to assess both the safety and mechanisms of cannabidiol under controlled conditions.

One area of particular focus is CBD in relation to epilepsy. A prescription formulation containing CBD has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for rare forms of epilepsy, based on specific clinical findings. This development has encouraged further studies into other potential areas of application.

A systematic review in Experimental Neurology examined available data on CBD's role in treatment-resistant epilepsy, particularly in paediatric cases.

Researchers have also studied how CBD may interact with the body’s systems involved in mood regulation. Preliminary investigations — primarily in animal models — have identified activity in receptors associated with serotonin signalling. Institutions such as the National Institute of Mental Health have acknowledged the growing research interest, while stressing the need for larger-scale clinical trials.

In the context of pain-related studies, early-stage research has assessed CBD’s potential influence on inflammatory pathways and neurotransmitter function. Reviews, including one in the journal Neurotherapeutics, have discussed the current status of cannabinoid-based research, while also noting the limited number of high-quality human trials to date.

Studies on neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are also ongoing. Early findings — mainly from preclinical models — have suggested that CBD may affect markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, these results remain preliminary and require validation through comprehensive human research. 

How much CBD should I use?

Making informed choices about CBD

In my experience following cannabinoid research at Formula Swiss, making informed decisions about CBD begins with evaluating product transparency, quality, and potential interactions.

Reputable brands that provide third-party laboratory testing, detailed sourcing information, and clear manufacturing practices offer greater assurance of product consistency and integrity. You can review our quality report for detailed information about our testing procedures and product certifications.

Understanding the content and formulation of CBD products is equally important. Attention to the possibility of interactions between CBD and other substances, such as anticoagulants or neurological treatments, should not be overlooked.

By carefully considering these factors, individuals can make informed choices about CBD products, ensuring that decisions align with personal circumstances and broader safety standards.

Personal perspective

Based on my experience following cannabinoid research at Formula Swiss, I have observed the growing scientific focus on CBD and its role within the body's natural regulatory systems.

CBD’s non-intoxicating nature and distinct characteristics compared to THC have made it a prominent subject of study across a variety of sectors, including wellness, food, and skincare.

It is encouraging to see research efforts expanding globally, with careful exploration of CBD’s interactions at the biological level and increasing attention to ensuring product transparency and quality standards.

Understanding the unique properties of CBD remains essential for supporting informed discussions and responsible development within the cannabinoid industry.

In my experience, upholding a focus on reliable information, scientific evidence, and adherence to industry standards remains essential as public interest in CBD continues to grow.

By encouraging thoughtful engagement with research findings and responsible communication, the industry can help ensure that CBD’s potential is explored with clarity and integrity.

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